How Much Does It Cost To Build A Custom Home?

So how much does it cost to build a custom home? This is one of the most common questions we get asked. Another variation of this question is “How much per square foot does it cost to build a custom home?”

Below is a list of costs for budgetary purposes only and is for the Ottawa area. Please remember that every homeowner, home design and building site is different (hence the word “custom”) so there will be many factors at play for every project. Also, as we have experienced with the pandemic, material costs can fluctuate significantly.

There’s no way to answer this question with an exact number nor is there a way to give you a per square foot number. The reason is because there are millions of variations and thousands of factors at play. Here are some examples of things that will drastically change the price without changing the total square footage of a home.

Site Work, Well & Septic

One lot could have perfect native soil and another lot could have 3′ of rock that needs to be blasted or chipped away. Or, in the case of my home, we had 6′ of peat moss that had to be removed and replaced with blasted rock and an engineered pad.

Access could also affect the price significantly. Digging a small hole on a tight lot could be more expensive than digging a large hole on a wide open lot. However, large lots often come with the need for lots of fill and a long driveway.

Site work, well and septic are all items that will not increase with the size of the home. For example, a septic system for a 4,000 s.f. home will not cost 4 times more than a septic system for a 1,000 s.f. home. They will be fairly close in price. This is another factor that throws off the per square foot pricing model if you are trying to include that in the calculation. Similarly, the well will be the same price to dig no matter how big the home is. This means that smaller homes will cost more per square foot if you include everything that is required to build the home (not just the structure).

Foundation

Checks in the foundation, pads, piers, garages, foundation type and height, slab thicknesses. structural requirements, basement or no basement: These and other factors all affect the foundation price. The simpler the design, the less it will cost. More corners equals more costs.

Overall Design

You could have a 2,500 square foot box with a gable roof or you could have a 2,500 square foot architectural dream design with overhangs, large windows, a flat roof and a 2 car garage. Same size, completely different price.

As previously mentioned, smaller homes will cost more per square foot as well because there is a start up cost. Economies of scale come into play and larger homes usually have more of the "cheap" space which is any floor area that does not have plumbing, cabinetry or fixtures associated with them (i.e. bathrooms, kitchens, bars)

Bathrooms & Kitchens

​Your 2,500 square foot custom home could have an Ikea kitchen with laminate tops and 1.5 bathrooms or it could have a $100,000 kitchen with 3.5 bathrooms. Bathrooms and kitchens are the most expensive rooms in homes.

Exterior Finishes

You could have vinyl siding on the exterior, high end wood siding, masonry veneer or stone. These all vary significantly in price and will affect structural requirements and finishing details. Keep in mind that changing one aspect of the build will often change details for other aspects.

Windows & Doors

You could spend $30,000 on cheap double glazed vinyl windows or you could go for Passive House Certified triple glazed windows with wood frames and aluminum cladding which could run you $100,000+. It’s not one or the other however this shows the significant price range.

Interior Finishes

Do you want cheap vinyl flooring and carpet or do you want reclaimed hardwood floors and porcelain tile? Carpet stairs or hardwood stairs? Wood railing or steel and glass railing? Finished basement, unfinished basement or no basement?

These are just some of the factors that will affect pricing of your custom home. I’m not saying you have to go to one extreme or the other, my point is that you can build a 2,500 square foot custom home on the perfect site with cheap finishes, 1.5 bathrooms and an Ikea kitchen OR you could building a 2,500 square foot custom home with reclaimed high end products, quality windows, a garage, 3.5 bathrooms and Passive House Certification. Both have the same square footage but they will be in completely different price ranges.

The Custom Home Budget

Now that I’ve laid the ground work and hopefully clarified where some of the costs may go, here are some numbers to keep in mind when planning your custom home project. HST is not included in the numbers below.

• Planning and Architectural Design will be somewhere between $16 – $25 per square foot OR Drafting and Builder Code Review only would be around $6 – $9 per square foot
  • We recommend going for the Planning and Architectural Design option if you’re building a custom home. This home is going to be yours for many years to come so you want to do it right.
• Additional fees that may be applicable to your project:
  • Development approvals = $3,000 – $7,000
  • Excavation and/or Shoring Design (New June 2022 for infills) = $TBD
  • Surveying = $6,000 – $10,000
  • Structural engineering = $3,000 – $7,000
  • Geotechnical engineering = $2,500 – $3,700
  • Septic system engineering = $2,500 - $4,000
  • Mechanical engineering = $2,000
  • Heat loss / Heat Gain calculation = $850
  • Mechanical Ventilation Design summary = $450
• Construction Permit will vary (CLICK HERE FOR OTTAWA FEES)
• City Development Charges (if not paid yet) = $27,000 – $41,000 (CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION)
• Additional fees are required for projects involving third-party verification and certification of their performance. The minimum additional fee for projects involving third-party verification are typically as follows:
  • Passive House (PHI or PHIUS) = $9,000 - $12,000
  • NetZero Energy = $1,600 - $2,000
  • LEED for Homes (CaGBC) = $3,000
  • R-2000 = $1,500
  • Energy Star = $1,200
  • Energuide = $950
• Construction costs will really vary from project to project however we recommend budgeting at least $450 per square foot for construction costs from foundation onwards.
  • IMPORTANT: This DOES NOT include demolition, site work, septic or well (if needed) so you will need to budget for these items accordingly. Additionally, smaller homes will cost more per square foot and there is minimum that is hard to break. You will want to budget at least $700,000 for construction costs from foundation onwards to build a custom home in Ottawa.
• Landscaping costs are NOT included in the per square foot price as homeowners often take care of this after their builder is done, however, ask if your builder is willing to assist with this as well.

The goal here is to help educate and inform you of what is realistic for your custom home so that you can make conscious decisions.
 
Please contact us if you have any further questions.