The Conscious Builder
  • Services
  • Gallery
  • About
    • Company
    • Team
    • Careers
  • Resource Centre
    • Podcast
    • YouTube
    • Plans - Passive Design Solutions
    • Solar Panels
    • FAQ's
    • Grants, Loans & Tax Rebates
    • Green Building Standards
    • Blog
    • The Conscious Builder Academy
    • Free Estimating Spreadsheet
  • Contact
    • Project Inquiries
    • Media
  • Shop

BLOG

HEALTH. COMFORT. EFFICIENCY.

How Much Does It Cost To Build A Custom Home?

1/6/2023

 
So how much does it cost to build a custom home? This is one of the most common questions we get asked. Another variation of this question is “How much per square foot does it cost to build a custom home?”

Below is a list of costs for budgetary purposes only and is for the Ottawa area. Please remember that every homeowner, home design and building site is different (hence the word “custom”) so there will be many factors at play for every project. Also, as we have experienced with the pandemic, material costs can fluctuate significantly.

There’s no way to answer this question with an exact number nor is there a way to give you a per square foot number. The reason is because there are millions of variations and thousands of factors at play. Here are some examples of things that will drastically change the price without changing the total square footage of a home.
Site Work, Well & Septic
One lot could have perfect native soil and another lot could have 3′ of rock that needs to be blasted or chipped away. Or, in the case of my home, we had 6′ of peat moss that had to be removed and replaced with blasted rock and an engineered pad.

Access could also affect the price significantly. Digging a small hole on a tight lot could be more expensive than digging a large hole on a wide open lot. However, large lots often come with the need for lots of fill and a long driveway.

Site work, well and septic are all items that will not increase with the size of the home. For example, a septic system for a 4,000 s.f. home will not cost 4 times more than a septic system for a 1,000 s.f. home. They will be fairly close in price. This is another factor that throws off the per square foot pricing model if you are trying to include that in the calculation. Similarly, the well will be the same price to dig no matter how big the home is. This means that smaller homes will cost more per square foot if you include everything that is required to build the home (not just the structure).
Foundation
Checks in the foundation, pads, piers, garages, foundation type and height, slab thicknesses. structural requirements, basement or no basement: These and other factors all affect the foundation price. The simpler the design, the less it will cost. More corners equals more costs.
Overall Design
You could have a 2,500 square foot box with a gable roof or you could have a 2,500 square foot architectural dream design with overhangs, large windows, a flat roof and a 2 car garage. Same size, completely different price.

As previously mentioned, smaller homes will cost more per square foot as well because there is a start up cost. Economies of scale come into play and larger homes usually have more of the "cheap" space which is any floor area that does not have plumbing, cabinetry or fixtures associated with them (i.e. bathrooms, kitchens, bars)
Bathrooms & Kitchens
​Your 2,500 square foot custom home could have an Ikea kitchen with laminate tops and 1.5 bathrooms or it could have a $100,000 kitchen with 3.5 bathrooms. Bathrooms and kitchens are the most expensive rooms in homes.
Exterior Finishes
You could have vinyl siding on the exterior, high end wood siding, masonry veneer or stone. These all vary significantly in price and will affect structural requirements and finishing details. Keep in mind that changing one aspect of the build will often change details for other aspects.
Windows & Doors
You could spend $30,000 on cheap double glazed vinyl windows or you could go for Passive House Certified triple glazed windows with wood frames and aluminum cladding which could run you $100,000+. It’s not one or the other however this shows the significant price range.
Interior Finishes
Do you want cheap vinyl flooring and carpet or do you want reclaimed hardwood floors and porcelain tile? Carpet stairs or hardwood stairs? Wood railing or steel and glass railing? Finished basement, unfinished basement or no basement?
These are just some of the factors that will affect pricing of your custom home. I’m not saying you have to go to one extreme or the other, my point is that you can build a 2,500 square foot custom home on the perfect site with cheap finishes, 1.5 bathrooms and an Ikea kitchen OR you could building a 2,500 square foot custom home with reclaimed high end products, quality windows, a garage, 3.5 bathrooms and Passive House Certification. Both have the same square footage but they will be in completely different price ranges.
The Custom Home Budget
Now that I’ve laid the ground work and hopefully clarified where some of the costs may go, here are some numbers to keep in mind when planning your custom home project:
  • Planning and Architectural Design will be somewhere between $16 – $25 per square foot OR Drafting and Builder Code Review only would be around $6 – $9 per square foot
    • We recommend going for the Planning and Architectural Design option if you’re building a custom home. This home is going to be yours for many years to come so you want to do it right.
  • Additional fees that may be applicable to your project:
    • Development approvals = $3,000 – $7,000
    • Excavation and/or Shoring Design (New June 2022 for infills) = $TBD
    • Surveying = $6,000 – $10,000
    • Structural engineering = $3,000 – $7,000
    • Geotechnical engineering = $2,500 – $3,700
    • Septic system engineering = $2,500 - $4,000
    • Mechanical engineering = $2,000
    • Heat loss / Heat Gain calculation = $850
    • Mechanical Ventilation Design summary = $450
  • Construction Permit will vary (CLICK HERE FOR OTTAWA FEES)
  • City Development Charges (if not paid yet) = $27,000 – $41,000 (CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION)
  • Additional fees are required for projects involving third-party verification and certification of their performance. The minimum additional fee for projects involving third-party verification are typically as follows:
    • Passive House (PHI or PHIUS) = $9,000 - $12,000
    • NetZero Energy = $1,600 - $2,000
    • LEED for Homes (CaGBC) = $3,000
    • R-2000 = $1,500
    • Energy Star = $1,200
    • Energuide = $950
  • Construction costs will really vary from project to project however we recommend budgeting at least $400 per square foot for construction costs from foundation onwards.
    • IMPORTANT: This DOES NOT include demolition, site work, septic or well (if needed) so you will need to budget for these items accordingly. Additionally, smaller homes will cost more per square foot and there is minimum that is hard to break. You will want to budget at least $700,000 for construction costs from foundation onwards to build a custom home in Ottawa.
  • Landscaping costs are NOT included in the per square foot price as homeowners often take care of this after their builder is done, however, ask if your builder is willing to assist with this as well.
The goal here is to help educate and inform you of what is realistic for your custom home so that you can make conscious decisions.
 
Please contact us if you have any further questions.

Construction Contracts: Fixed Price vs. Cost-Plus

12/30/2019

 
More often than not, we are asked to price a project with little to no details. We may get a question like "How much will it cost to build a 2,500 square foot bungalow?" or "How much to renovate my kitchen?" If we're lucky, the best plans we'll get are plans that say Issued For Pricing which have very little detail to actually get accurate pricing.

It's impossible to give an accurate price without a full set of drawings and complete set of details and selections. In renovations it's even more difficult as we often don't know what we're going to uncover until we get into the project.

So why set this expectation? Why risk setting yourself up for disappointment?

As a homeowner, we understand that price is important and that it is difficult to commit to a contractor without seeing a price. On the same hand, if one contractor is quoting $250,000 for a project and another is quoting $300,000, this is likely a mistake somewhere and going for the cheaper option is likely not going to pan out in the end (nor does it guarantee that the project will actually be cheaper).

This post is meant to open your mind to a new way of thinking about your project. It's not meant to convince you to work one way or another, it's simply information that you can use so that you can make a conscious decision about what is best for you.
Two Types of Contracts
In our years of construction, we have used a variation of contracts but they have all worked into two different categories:
  1. Cost-Plus
  2. FIxed Price
The Cost of Business
Before we get into the differences between the two contracts, it's important to understand that there is a cost to doing business. That means that it costs money in order to be in business.

For example, if you work in an office, there's a cost to keeping that office running as well as keeping you as an employee. On top of paying your salary, the business also needs to pay for your benefits, the lease and/or maintenance of the building, the utilities, the computers, the desks, the chairs, the cleaning, insurance, taxes, loans, interest, vehicles, software, hardware, supplies, subscriptions and so forth.

That means that your "cost" (meaning the cost to the company) may be $35/hour but the company also needs to recoup all the other costs that are associated with keeping you paid.

As a contractor it is the same. There is a cost to being a contractor in business. There are things required in order to stay in business and continue to deliver outstanding quality and service.

(Yes, there are a lot of contractors who do not understand this but that is why a lot of them go out of business. And that's not good for the industry or for the homeowner.)

Now, whether those costs of business are hidden in the Fixed Price Contract or out in the open of a Cost-Plus Contract is up to you to decide what makes you feel more comfortable.
The Differences
Here are some differences between the two different types of contracts. Whether or not they are pros or cons are up to you to decide.

Transparency:
Cost-Plus is financially transparent for the project because all financials for that project are shared with the homeowner whereas a Fixed-Price Contract does not require the contractor to share any financials. As an example, if a toilet costs the contractor $400 and the fees in Cost-Plus Contract work out to total a 30% markup, then you know that toilet will be $400 + 30% which equals $520 (plus applicable taxes). In a Fixed Price Contract there is no requirement to share the cost of the toilet so the contractor could charge you $700 (plus applicable taxes) if he chooses to. Ultimately that 30% needs to be worked into the price somewhere. Whether it's hidden or out in the open is the difference.

Product Warranties:
As part of our contracts, we offer a 3-year workmanship warranty (New Homes have a 7-year Tarion warranty). Outside of the workmanship warranty, there are also products that will have warranties. With Cost-Plus you will have a copy of every receipt and invoice for everything for your project. With a Fixed Price you will not receive any of those receipts or invoices. Any product issues you have will need to go through the contractor as they will have the original receipt.

Financials:
Cost-Plus may seem as though the financial risk is on the homeowner, however, if the Fixed Price Contract does not include everything or anything is unclear, there is the risk of Change Orders for an undetermined amount. If the contract is tight and the work is very clear, a Fixed Price Contract could be the best option. If there are a lot of uncertainties or things are not detailed extremely accurately, the Cost-Plus Contract may be the best option.

Schedule:
It may seem like a Fixed Price Contract has the most incentive for the contractor to stay on schedule in order to hit milestones and receive payments, however, there is no benefit to a contractor taking longer for a Cost-Plus Contract either. It's always beneficial for any contractor to get in, do the work as quickly as possible and move on to the next project. Whether it's a Fixed Price or Cost-Plus, there is usually a fee for the project management and taking longer on a project is not necessarily going to increase this fee which means lost money to the contractor in either case.
Which Contract Does TCB Use?
For the last couple of years we have only used the Cost-Plus Contract. Does this mean we would not do a Fixed Price Contract? No. We would be happy to do a Fixed Price Contract however we would need a lot more details than what we usually get at the beginning of a project.

That being said, we understand that homeowners need to see a price. It's hard to understand how a 2,500 square foot home will cost $900,000 until the price is broken into categories. Knowing this, when we are contacted at the early stages, we can put together a rough estimate which shows where costs could go depending on the final design, details and selections. This, to us, is the starting point. From here decisions need to be made in order to address as many of the project priorities as possible.
Which Contract Is Best For You?
That's up for you to decide. No matter which route you go, you want to make sure you feel comfortable working with your contractor. Whether it's a Fixed Price or a Cost-Plus Contract, there are going to be unexpected costs due to changes and/or site conditions. It's a reality of renovating and building custom homes. It requires a lot of work and the lines of communication need to be open between everybody involved when these things happen.

How Much Does It Cost To Renovate?

8/17/2017

 
So how much does it cost to renovate? This will be a little more difficult to answer than my last post, How Much Does it Cost to Build a Custom Home? But we’ll give it a go so there are no surprises.
 
Below is a list of costs for budgetary purposes only and is for the Ottawa area. Please note that every homeowner, home design and existing home is different so there will be many factors at play for each project.

​There’s no way to answer this question with an exact number nor is there a way to give you an exact per square foot number. The reason is because what goes into the square footage will vary from project to project. Here are some examples that may drastically change the price.
Site Work
This would apply if you were doing an addition. One lot could have perfect native soil and another lot could have 3′ of rock that needs to be blasted or chipped away. Or, like in the case of my home, we had 6′ of peat moss that had to be removed and replaced with blasted rock and an engineered pad.
Overall Design
You could have a 1,000 square foot renovation of an open living space or you could have a 1,000 square foot renovation which includes a kitchen, 2 bathrooms and a wine room. Both have the same square footage but one will obviously be more expensive than the other.
Bathrooms & Kitchens
Your 1,000 square foot renovation could have an Ikea kitchen with laminate tops and one bathroom or it could have a $100,000 kitchen with two bathrooms complete with stone floors and counters.
Exterior Finishes
You could have vinyl siding on the exterior, high end wood siding or masonry veneer. These all vary significantly in price.
Windows & Doors
You could spend $10,000 on cheap double glazed vinyl windows or you could go for Passive House Certified triple glazed windows with wood frames and aluminum cladding which could run you over $50,000 for the same number of windows. It’s not one or the other however this shows the significant price range.
Interior Finishes
Do you want vinyl flooring and carpet or do you want reclaimed hardwood floors and porcelain tile? Carpet stairs or hardwood stairs? Wood railings or glass railings? Full basement or no basement?
These are just some of the factors that will affect pricing for your renovation. I’m not saying you have to go to one extreme or the other, my point is that you can renovate 1,000 square feet with cheap finishes and no kitchen or bathroom OR you could renovate 1,000 square feet which includes a complete custom kitchen, 2 bathrooms and a wine room with expensive finishes. Both have the same square footage but they will be in completely different price ranges.
Budget to Renovate
Now that I’ve laid the ground work and hopefully clarified where some of the costs may go, here are some numbers to keep in mind when planning your renovation project:
  • Planning and Architectural Design will be somewhere between $12 – $20 per square foot OR Drafting and Builder Code Review only would be around $4 – $5 per square foot
    • Personally, I recommend going for the Planning and Architectural Design option if you’re planning on improving the energy efficiency of your home and you’re planning to stay for the long term. My guess is that you’re doing this renovation to stay for many years so you want to do it right and reap the money saving benefits.
  • Additional fees that may be applicable to your project:
    • Surveying = $2,000 – $6,000
    • Structural engineering = $1,000 – $5,000
    • Geotechnical engineering = $1,000 – $2,000
    • Mechanical engineering = $1,000
    • Heat loss / Heat Gain calculation = $500
    • Mechanical Ventilation Design summary = $250
  • Construction Permit will vary (CLICK HERE FOR OTTAWA FEES)
  • Although we don’t do this often for renovations, additional fees are required for projects involving third-party verification and certification of their performance. The minimum additional fee for projects involving third-party verification are typically as follows:
    • Passive House (PHI or PHIUS) = $8,000
    • LEED for Homes (CaGBC) = $3,000
    • R-2000 = $2,000
    • Energy Star = $1,000
  • Construction costs will really vary from project to project. It really depends on what you’re planning to renovate. If you’re doing an addition that includes a full basement, a kitchen and bathrooms, you will likely fall in the $225 – $325 per square foot range. If you’re just doing interior renovations like kitchens or bathrooms, the price really depends on the finishes you choose and how much of the layout you change. Ultimately it’s best if you contact us to discuss your project and the scope of work involved as well as what is most important to you.
    • IMPORTANT: If you skimmed down to this without reading the first section, please scroll up for more information.
  • Landscaping costs are also not included in the per square foot price as homeowners often take care of this after we leave, however, we’re more than happy to assist with this as well.
I hope this has helped you and offered you clarification on this important decision. My goal here is to educate and inform you of what is realistic for your renovation. We are not in the business of “low balling” projects just to get a contract signed only later to hit you with surprise increases. Our relationships with our clients are most important to us and they are long term relationships. This is why we  work with you in order to design and renovate your home the way you want it so that you and your family can create lasting memories.
 
Lastly, I need to thank Chris Straka of Vert Design Incorporated for helping with some of the numbers in this post.

Estimating Spreadsheet

7/8/2016

 
Are you thinking of renovating or building?
Are you wondering how much it’s going to cost you?
Do you like being involved in the process?
Are you managing the project yourself?

If you’ve answered yes to any of the questions above, I have something for you!

Throughout my career in construction (custom homes & renovations), I’ve come to realize that most homeowners and building owners like to be involved as much as possible in the process. They often do a lot of their own research and have many questions (which is great) and as you may have guessed, a lot of them revolve around costs and processes.

Unfortunately, what often happens is that people end up being disappointed because they eventually realize that their Dream Home or Ideal Build is not within their Budget.

I’m usually the bearer of bad news on this front…

The cause is really just because most people don’t know how much is really involved in their project. It’s not their fault, they just don’t know.

Well, I’ve created something to help with this.

What I’ve created is a complete estimating spreadsheet for your residential project. Whether you’re renovating or building brand new, this will work for you. It has everything you need to think about when planning your project. From the planning stages right through to the final clean up.

This estimating spreadsheet will do the following for you:
  • Save you days (if not weeks) of trying to create your own spreadsheet;
  • Show you everything that’s required for your project;
  • Separate pricing for each phase of your project;
  • Allow you to budget according to your priorities;
  • Prepare you more thoroughly before you decide to bring in a contractor (if you choose);
  • And so much more!

This spreadsheet is completely FREE. Simply fill out the form below to access it.

You can also watch this short video on how to use it.

      Archives

      January 2023
      April 2022
      November 2021
      April 2021
      December 2019
      May 2019
      December 2018
      November 2018
      August 2017
      July 2017
      June 2017
      July 2016

      Categories

      All
      Building Envelope
      Building Science
      Charity
      Contractors
      Financials
      Homeowners
      HVAC
      Materials
      Passive House
      Projects


    SERVICES
    COMPANY
    TEAM
    PODCAST
    YOUTUBE
    ​
    CAREERS
    ​LICENSE
    HOMEOWNER LOGIN
    346 Moodie Drive, Nepean ON K2H 8G3
    CONTACT US
    info@TheConsciousBuilder.com
    613.693.0914
    FOLLOW US
    Copyright © 2020 The Conscious Builder Inc. All Rights Reserved.
    • Services
    • Gallery
    • About
      • Company
      • Team
      • Careers
    • Resource Centre
      • Podcast
      • YouTube
      • Plans - Passive Design Solutions
      • Solar Panels
      • FAQ's
      • Grants, Loans & Tax Rebates
      • Green Building Standards
      • Blog
      • The Conscious Builder Academy
      • Free Estimating Spreadsheet
    • Contact
      • Project Inquiries
      • Media
    • Shop